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Jul.12,2008Final test will be on Monday. I am sure that all my students are preparing themselves. Some asked me questions regarding to this test. Well. some hints I hope can be any help to every body who are taking Business Correspondence. They are connected to four-point plan. In business letter, there is a four-point plan to follow. So focus on it including the common expressions according to each point.
In business letter, we also need to build up good relationship with our clients, so we have to watch out the tone of your letter. Pay special attention to letter of inquiry.
Finally, be master in making report. Follow the guidelines of report need to be reviewed too.
Good luck
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Mam Tiur,,,we hope that you pray of us success to examination this years…
We hope you give us a good score, and then please let me know about this score if you have been correction the examination.
thank you very much for your attention,
and god bless you..
daaaaaaa
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Mam….I miss u
“where there is love,,
there is sun shine”..
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Mam…. I love you
I proud of you
thank you mam…
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Mam…thank you that you have been teach us until now..
thank’s for your everything that you give to us,, you are best teacher in english, i like your style and i like the way you teach us…
keep spirit mam
god bless you,,,
miss you…
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Thanks of all mam,,, I hope my value is BIG…
^_^
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I want to write about Shaft…
Introduction
A shaft is a rotating machine element which is used to transmit power from one place to another. The power is delivered to the shaft by some tangential force and the resultant torque or torsional moment set up within the shaft permits the power to be transferred to various machines linked up to the shaft to another, the various members such as pulleys, gears ,etc. Are mounted on it. The members along with the forces exerted upon them causes the shaft to bending. In other words, we may say that a shaft is used for the transmission of torque and bending moment. The various 25 mm to 60 mm with 5 mm steps;members are mounted on the shaft by means of keys or splines.
Note ;
An axle, though similar in shape to the shaft is a stationery machine element and is used for the transmission of bending moment only. A spindle is a short shaft.
Material used for shafting
The material used ordinary shafting is mild steel. When high streght is required an alloy steel such as nickel, nickel chromium or chrome vanadium steel is used.
Shafts are generally formed by hot rolling and finished to size by cold drawing or turning and grinding. Cold rolled shafting is stronger than hot roiled shafting but with higher residual stresser. The residual stresser my cause distortion of the shaft when it is machined, especially when slots or keyways are cut. Shaft of larger diameter are ussually forged and turned to size in a lathe.
Types of shaft
The following types of shaft are important from the subject point of view.
1. Transmission Shafts and
2. Machine Shafts.
1. Transmission Shafts
These shafts transmit power between the source and the machines absourbing power. The counter shafts and all factory shafts are transmission shafts. Since these shafts carry machine parts such as pulleys, gear, etc. Therefore they are subjected to bending in addition to twisting.
2. Machine Shafts
These shafts from an integral parts of machine itself. the crank shaft is an example of machine shaft.
Standard size of Transmission shafts
The standard sizes of transmission shafts are ;
25 mm to 60 mm with 5 mm steps;
60 mm to 110 mm with 10 mm steps
110 mm to 140 mm with 15 mm steps and
140 mm to 500 mm with 20 mm steps.
The standard length of the shafts are 5m, 6m, and 7m.
Stresses in shafts
The following stresses are induced in the shafts.
1. Shear stresses due to the transmission of torque (i,e. due to torsional load).
2. Bending stresses (Tensile or Compressive) due to the forces acting upon machine element like gears, pulley etc. as well as due to the weight of the shaft itself.
3. Combined torsion and bending.
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borjun Reply:
July 23rd, 2008 at 12:50 am
look good to me, Tora
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